This work directs the attention toward a public health hazard in New Valley Province that may be caused by rabies infection which is known as a fatal viral zoonosis caused by lyssavirus a member of the family Rhabdoviridae, order Mononegavirales. Both warm blooded animal and humans are susceptible to the virus infection mainly through bites of infected animals. Detection of rabies virus was confirmed in a saliva sample obtained from a street dog found showing rolling salivation, off food, general weakness and paralysis of the hind limbs followed by death. Virus detection was confirmed through application of Rabies virus antigen kit; mice inoculation test; cell culture assay, virus neutralization test and direct fluorescent antibody technique. Finally, this result spots the light on the importance of application of rabies control programs in free roaming dogs in order to protect humans and animal populations in New Valley Province. In addition, further studies are in need to know more about the prevalence of rabies and the suitable available methods to control and eradicate it.
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